Silicon and Germanium
In fig the atomic structure of Silicon and Germanium are given we compared the atomic structures of Silicon and Germanium to each other. Silicon is used in semiconductor devices, diodes and integrated circuits. Both have four valence electrons. It is often say that it have valence electron in the 3rd shell and in the germanium the four valence electrons are in 4th shell. This shows that the silicons has less energy level and germanium has high energy level an extra additional energy is required to escape from the atom. At high temperature it makes the germanium more and more stable. That’s way the silicons is mostly used semiconductor.
Covalent Bond
Semiconductors, Conductors, Insulators and Band Gap