Lower back pain can have various causes, and it's often the result of a combination of factors.

Overuse, lifting heavy objects improperly, or sudden movements can strain or sprain the muscles and ligaments in the lower back.

Muscle Strain or Sprain:

The rupture or bulging of an intervertebral disc can irritate nearby nerves, leading to lower back pain.

Herniated Disc:

The natural aging process can cause the discs between the vertebrae to  degenerate, leading to reduced cushioning and increased friction,  resulting in pain.

Degenerative Disc Disease:

Narrowing of the spinal canal can put pressure on the spinal cord and nerves, causing pain in the lower back.

Spinal Stenosis:

Compression or irritation of the sciatic nerve, often caused by a  herniated disc or bone spur, can lead to lower back pain that radiates  down the leg.

Sciatica:

Wear and tear on the joints in the spine can result in osteoarthritis, causing pain and stiffness in the lower back.

Osteoarthritis:

Abnormal curvature of the spine can lead to lower back pain, especially if the curvature is severe.

Scoliosis:

Accidents, falls, or other trauma can cause fractures, sprains, or other injuries to the spine, resulting in lower back pain.

Injuries and Trauma:

Prolonged periods of sitting or standing with improper posture can strain the lower back muscles and contribute to pain.

Poor Posture:

Obesity, lack of exercise, and smoking can contribute to lower back  pain. These factors can affect overall health and the strength of the  musculoskeletal system.

Lifestyle Factors: